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한국과학사학회지, 제35권 제1호 (2013), 151-168
[기획논문] 네이던 샥, 노화학, 그리고 노화의 생의료화 (Nathan W. Shock, Gerontology, and the Biomedicalization of Aging)
by 박형욱 (Park Hyung Wook)
첨부파일 '1' |
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초록 | Nathan Shock, the leader of the NIH’s gerontology program from 1941 to 1976, played a pivotal role in creating the science of aging as a research field in America. By illustrating his works, I explore how his efforts to biomedicalize aging were linked to the identity and agenda of gerontology as a multidisciplinary scientific field. Indeed, “biomedicalization” is understood in many ways. Whereas it was often equated to molecular reductionism, Peter Keating, Albert Cambrosio, and Adele Clarke have shown that biomedicalization involves a set of more complex changes in laboratories, clinics, and patients’ social worlds with a deep cultural repercussion. According to them, patients were not necessarily passive subjects in biomedical enterprises. This paper will depict how this character of biomedicine resonated with Shock and other gerontologists’ works for more active and productive old age. I first discuss how Shock tried to find the physiological and biochemical mechanism of aging using model organisms, biomolecules, and senior patients in the Baltimore City Hospitals. Then I illuminate how this work was placed in a broader social context associated with the elderly’s continued social participation, industrial productivity, and health management, which were the critical agendas of early American gerontologists who worked to address these problems through their multidisciplinary organizations. This explains, I claim, his unique choice of publishable results, the initiation of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, and his continued effort to communicate with regional gerontology groups comprised mostly of educated laymen interested in science. |
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주요어 | Nathan Shock, NIH, gerontology, biomedicine, biomedicalization, multidisciplinary scientific field, old age, aging |
박형욱, "네이던 샥, 노화학, 그리고 노화의 생의료화", 『한국과학사학회지』 제35권 제1호 (2013), 151-168쪽.
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